TNF and rheumatoid arthritis: The categories of substances used in RA include tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6, IL-12, IL-17, and IL-23 inhibitors that are effective on cytokines, as well as T lymphocyte activation inhibitors abazil and B lymphocyte depletion rituximab (Fiehn, 2022).