Recently, iron overload was reported to be involved in MMPactivity and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) phosphorylation in AAA animal models.Sawada et al. [21] showed that the activity of MMP-2 and MMP-9 and thephosphorylation of JNK were significantly increased in the aortas of AngII-induced AAA mouse models, whereas these increases were suppressed in mice thatreceived an iron-restricted diet. This evidence concerns the gene MMP9 and triple-A syndrome.