However, considering other CNS conditions similarly involve differential expression of miR-153 and miR-223, it is critical to assay these miRNA levels in PD patients relative to neurological controls (e.g., other neurodegenerative conditions, other forms of parkinsonism, other synucleinopathies), using methodology akin to that of our 2021 salivary HO-1 study. This evidence concerns the gene HMOX1 and Parkinson disease.