GLI1 and gallbladder cancer: Consequently, GLI1 contributes to the progression of multiple cancer types, including colorectal cancer, liver cancer, stomach cancer, pancreatic cancer, lung cancer, gallbladder cancer, prostate cancer, ovarian cancer, and glioblastoma (Akiyoshi et al., 2006; Olive et al., 2009; Kandala and Srivastava, 2012; Fernandez-Zapico, 2013; Gao et al., 2013; Li et al., 2016; Gu et al., 2021; Ichimiya et al., 2021; Quan et al., 2022; Wu et al., 2022).