A recent genomic and transcriptional profiling study of T-ALL samples from a large pediatric cohort identified ten molecular subgroups, HOXA, TLX3, TLX1, NKX2-1, LMO1/2, TAL1, TAL2, BCL11B, SPI1, and T-other, which are distinguished by aberrant transcription factor expression, gene expression profiles, and genomic alterations12. The gene discussed is TLX3; the disease is acute lymphoblastic leukemia.