PNPLA3 and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: Inspired by our previous findings of outstanding changes in the metabolomic profiles of sarcopenia patients (Zhu et al., 2023) and patients with MASLD associated with two genes (PNPLA3 and TM6SF2) (Xia et al., 2021; Zhu et al., 2023), we analysed serum metabolomic profiles of female MASLD patients with or without PCOS.