APOC3 and coronary artery calcification: The therapeutic use of cyclic retinoids such as ATRA is limited by their adverse effects, such as increased triglyceride levels due to the induction of the lipoprotein lipase inhibitor apolipoprotein-C III (APOC3), a molecule associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes such as coronary artery calcification (Vu-Dac et al., 1998).