MMP7 and malignant colon neoplasm: Moreover, lycopene (2) exhibited promising in vitro anticancer activity against human colon cancer cells (HT-29) by inhibiting the phosphorylation of Akt, glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β), and ERK 1/2 proteins and by suppressing MMP-7 expression, thus preventing metastasis and angiogenesis (Lin et al., 2011).