In addition to IFN-α, the examination of blood and kidney samples from SLE patients revealed a positive correlation between IFN-β(+) B cells and anti-Sm, anti-DNA, and immune complex deposition in the glomerular basement membrane; active glomerular lesions with fibrocellular crescents; chronic glomerular lesions with segmental sclerosis; and a membranous pattern of renal damage (120). The gene discussed is IFNA1; the disease is systemic lupus erythematosus.