Key pathways related to CRC growth and treatment included phospholipase C (PLC) signaling14 (represses CRC growth) and interleukin (IL)-12 signaling and production in macrophages15 (increases radiosensitivity in mouse models of colon cancer because of increases in IL-12-dependent T helper cell 1 response). This evidence concerns the gene HSPG2 and malignant colon neoplasm.