To test this, we treated WT and Hif1α− / − mice bearing palpable MB49 bladder tumors with combined anti-CTLA-4+anti-PD-1 (combo ICB), a more efficacious ICB therapy than monotherapies (anti-CTLA-4 or anti-PD-1 alone)61, following the regimen that we previously described43. This evidence concerns the gene CTLA4 and urinary bladder neoplasm.