Hearts from TIIDM patients exhibited pronounced glycogen accumulation, myocardial fibrosis, and elevated levels of SREBP1 and 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE), a biomarker for oxidative/nitrosative stress and lipid peroxidation, in contrast to the control group (as shown in Fig. 2A–H). The gene discussed is SREBF1; the disease is Myocardial fibrosis.