Changes in the WNT/β-catenin signaling pathway (111), histone deacetylase (HDAC) isoforms (112), aberrant gene methylation (113, 114), peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ) rearrangement with PAX8 (115), and imbalance of ncRNAs (116) have also been observed in RAI-RTCs and take part in its occurrence and development. This evidence concerns the gene PPARG and right atrial isomerism.