DUSP1 and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: Research has shown that promoting Dusp1 expression can restore mitophagy after ischemia in myocardial tissue [32], suppress apoptosis due to neuroinflammation and mitochondrial dysfunction [33], reduce mitochondria-associated oxidative stress damage in sensorineural hearing loss [34], enhance mitochondrial metabolism in obesity [35], and inhibit mitochondrial fragmentation in diabetic nephropathy [36].