IL1B and infection: Concurrently, the infection of TOCs with IBV DMV/1639 resulted in a pronounced increase in IL1-β mRNA expression at 3, 6, and 12 hpi (Fig. 6A, P < 0.05) and IL-6 mRNA expression at 3 and 6 hpi (Fig. 6B, P < 0.05) compared with both IBV DMV/1639-infected TOCs and non-infected controls (Fig. 6A and B).