The involvement of epigenetic modulators in tumour propagation has been established since the advent of cancer genome-wide sequencing, that had identified large genetic variants crucial for regulating chromatin structure, including ARID1A and BRCA1-associated protein 1 (BAP1) as well as TERT, TP53 and CTNNB1 are found to be the most frequently mutated genes in HCC [112]. The gene discussed is ARID1A; the disease is cancer.