Diabetes ranks as the 7th leading cause of mortality in the United States, and it is projected by the International Diabetes Federation that there will be a 50% increase in global diabetes prevalence from 366 million individuals in 2011 to an estimated number by 2030.[1] The primary clinical features of diabetes include elevated blood glucose levels and impaired insulin sensitivity.[2] Some critically ill patients with relatively high blood sugar levels, but who do not meet the diagnostic criteria for absolute hyperglycemia of diabetes, are also at an increased risk of mortality.[3–5]. Here, INS is linked to diabetes mellitus.