ACTA1 and Hepatic fibrosis: Exemplarily, the mechanistic study revealed that BMP2 inhibits TGF-β1-induced hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) activation associated with the attenuated expression of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and fibronectin, and reversed epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition markers, indicating that BMP2 serves as a protective agent in liver fibrosis (Chung et al. 2018).