CD274 and renal cell carcinoma: Although the APOBEC3 enzymes play significant physiological functions in defending cells against endogenous and foreign DNA-based diseases, their dysregulation is linked to cancer.[24] Based on 233 clinical samples Ting Peng et al confirmed the association between high APOBEC3G expression and poor prognosis in patients with RCC as well as a positive correlation between APOBEC3G and PD-L1 expression.[25]