Flow cytometric analysis of mice bearing the non-immunogenic B16.F10-melanoma cell line demonstrated significantly decreased geometric mean fluorescent intensity (GMFI) of PD-L1 surface expression in CD3+ τ lymphocytes and CD11c+ DCs in both the tumor and spleen as well as on intratumoral CD11c−CD11b+Gr1+ MDSCs, when treated with αPD-L1, compared to control (Figures 1A, B). Here, ITGAX is linked to neoplasm.