VEGFA and neoplasm: PAR-2-dependent activation of non-cancerous cells can also promote tumor-related neoangiogenesis since stromal cells secrete angiogenic factors such as tryptase, IL-8, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which promote PAR2 activation in endothelial vascular cells, determining mitogenic response via MAPK and ERK1/2 pathways (80) (Figure 1).