Treating mice with Metformin and 2DG normalised T-cell metabolism, restored CD4+ T function, and reversed disease phenotypes, including autoantibody production and renal disease.38 In a study conducted on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of lupus patients, Metformin significantly reduced P-gp expression and proinflammatory cytokines. This evidence concerns the gene CD4 and systemic lupus erythematosus.