TNF and inflammatory bowel disease: Regarding IBD treatment, there are six biologics that target three distinct molecular targets (IL-23/IL-12, TNF, and anti-integrin therapies): tofacitinib, a tiny chemical, for UC also has the authorization to block the JAK-STAT pathway; however, there are approximately 12 biologic medicines available for the treatment of psoriasis that affect four therapeutic targets (IL-23/IL-12 (p40), TNF, IL-17, and IL-23 (p19)) and an additional modest pharmaceutical inhibitor of phosphodiesterase-4, apremilast.