Intragastric administration of acetate to APP/PS1 mice attenuated cognitive impairment and reduced CD11b, a microglial marker for inflammation, testing acetate on microglia in vitro resulted in upregulated GPR41 and downregulation of ERK/JNK/NF-κB (extracellular signal-regulated kinase/c-JUN N-terminal kinase/nuclear factor kappa B) signaling cascade [167]. This evidence concerns the gene APP and Cognitive impairment.