Moreover, LPS stimulation of the enteric nervous system induces the production of pro‐inflammatory cytokines TNF‐α, IL‐1β, and IL‐6, selectively activating TLR4 on astrocytes and microglia, triggering NF‐κB pathway activation, escalating cytokine production, inducing neuroinflammation, and fostering Aβ deposition, crucial in inflammatory signaling associated with AD [160, 161, 162]. This evidence concerns the gene NFKB1 and Alzheimer disease.