IFNA1 and infection: Although incompletely understood, the disruption of the innate antiviral interferon (IFN) pathway likely occurs via the inhibition of IFN-stimulated gene translation, localizing viral replication to cell compartments that are inaccessible to IFN-stimulated effector systems, or by the direct antagonization of IFN effector systems using viral proteins, which allows for infection persistence [8].