IL6 and chronic kidney disease: The potential role of VAI as a predictor of CKD pathogenesis highlights its association with inflammation and metabolic dysregulation, as demonstrated by the fact that higher VAI scores were linked to decreased GFR and increased CKD risk, particularly in males and females with elevated levels of inflammatory markers such as highly sensitive CRP, interleukin-6 (IL-6), and other factors like systolic and diastolic blood pressure [55].