Acacetin (50 mg/kg, 8 weeks; 10 mg/kg, 12 weeks; 150 mg/kg, 9 days) decreases gene or protein levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and/or interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in type 2 diabetic rats [103], obese mice [104], mice with colitis [105], LPS-stimulated human periodontal ligament (PDL) cells [106], LPS-induced neuroinflammation mouse model [107], and LPS-induced acute lung injury in mice [82]. Here, TNF is linked to colitis.