Elevated levels of several proteases were identified, using prostate tissue microarrays (TMAs), and substrate gel electrophoresis revealed elevated activity of both MMP-9 and MMP-2, suggesting that both may participate in the cleavage of collagen type 1, resulting in elevated levels of COL1A1 in the urine of PCa patients. This evidence concerns the gene COL1A1 and posterior cortical atrophy.