SPARC and neoplasm: Cells within the tumor microenvironment (TME) interact with each other and produce various components such as ECM (extracellular matrix, growth factors (e.g., TGF, VEGF), matricellular proteins (e.g., SPARC, tenascin), enzymes (e.g., MMPs, TIMPs), and cytokines, creating a complex signaling network with tumor cells [31,33].