ADIPOQ and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: These protective effects of human milk against obesity are associated with its various properties, including the containing hormones that regulate energy metabolism such as leptin and adiponectin, its energy and nutrient content being at a level that can meet the needs of infants, and the containing probiotic microorganisms such as Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium, and oligosaccharides with prebiotic properties [155].