Given the importance of IFNs in the generation of antitumor immune response and the upregulation of PD-L1, however, we were concerned that the use of upadacitinib to treat the RA flare-up might impede the antitumor effect of anti-PD-1 antibody therapy by inhibiting IFN signaling. Here, IFNA1 is linked to rheumatoid arthritis.