When analyzing the dynamics of cerebral damage markers (S-100-β, NSE, GFAP) and SIRS (IL-1b, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α), we found that the peak concentration occurred at the second control point (the time immediately after the completion of CPB) for all the markers studied, except for IL-6, in which the maximum concentration was observed 16 h after surgery. This evidence concerns the gene S100B and systemic inflammatory response syndrome.