Null/null mutations (nonsense and frameshift) result in a truncated, non-functional ABCA3 protein [55,74] associated with a more severe phenotype, the neonatal onset of RDS, death before 1 year of age, the need for lung transplantation, or death, even with lung transplantation [9,53,65,111]. This evidence concerns the gene ABCA3 and newborn respiratory distress syndrome.