Our current knowledge suggests that hypertension may favor synaptic impairment by reducing glutamate concentration, down-regulating the expression of neuroprotective genes, such as BDNF and Igf-1, up-regulating Ang II levels and oxidative stress, and interfering with several signaling pathways that support synaptic plasticity, such as NMDARs, AMPARs, and CaMKII. This evidence concerns the gene IGF1 and Hypertension.