TGFB1 and metabolic syndrome: Compared to the control, the levels of TGF-β, fibronectin, and type I collagen proteins were significantly elevated in the MetS group compared to the MetS + L-arginine group, as well as in the MetS + OVX group compared to the MetS + OVX + L-arginine group (TGF-β: F (6, 35) = 19.1265, p < 0.0001; Fibronectin: F (6, 35) = 21.4826, p < 0.0001; Collagen I: F (6, 35) = 20.7045, p < 0.0001).