ESR1 and cancer: At the molecular level, genistein suppresses the IGF-1R/p-AKT signalling pathway; decreases the Bcl-2/Bax ratio [81]; downregulates the NF-κB/Bcl-xL/TAp63 signaling pathway; induces the modification of key epigenetic cancer-associated genes, their enzymatic activities, genomic DNA, and histone methylation [80]; upregulates PI3K and MAPK signalling; and downregulates p27Kip1 levels in ER+/HER2+ BC cells [84].