Models like the 3D-engineered NVU can help simulate pathological neuroinflammatory and vascular conditions such as stroke [40] and BBB impairments [145,146,147], brain tumors [85], modeling neurodegenerative diseases [148] including Tau pathology in Alzheimer’s Disease [49,146,149], neuronal projection defects in Huntington’s disease [44,53], and Parkinson’s Disease pathogenesis [54,141]. Here, MAPT is linked to stroke disorder.