GAD1 and Anxiety: Our results confirm that noise-induced stress initially causes an increase in plasma cortisol, activates astrocytes, and chronically induces changes in the balance of inhibitory neurotransmission, resulting in behavioral changes; this reduces the conversion of glutamate, an excitatory neurotransmitter, to GABA, an inhibitory neurotransmitter, by GAD67, thereby inducing a state of reduced inhibitory neurotransmitters, which results in higher locomotor activity and reduced anxiety.