Well-established PD genes linked to mitochondrial dysfunction include autosomal dominant forms (e.g., synuclein-alpha (SNCA) and leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) mutations) and autosomal recessive forms (e.g., Parkin RBR E3 Ubiquitin Protein Ligase (PRKN), PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1) and ATPase cation Transporting 13A2 (ATP13A2) mutations) [17,18,19]. The gene discussed is SNCA; the disease is Parkinson disease.