Elevated blood levels of EG components, such as syndecan-1 [130] and heparan sulphate [131], have been found in patients after CPB, survivors of cardiac arrest and acute coronary syndrome, suggesting that syndecan-1 as a core protein and heparan sulphate as a GAG side chain are affected in ischemia–reperfusion injury. This evidence concerns the gene SDC1 and cardiac arrest.