Initial data suggested that 3HB reduces blood glucose levels in patients with T2DM, and further investigations indicated a therapeutic effect of 3HB in T2DM through phosphorylation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) at Ser273 in the adipose tissue of mice with T2DM, altering the expression of PPARγ regulatory factors to decrease insulin resistance [51]. This evidence concerns the gene PPARG and type 2 diabetes mellitus.