In addition, in order to determine whether the CC treatment was also directly involved in reducing inflammatory activation other than through clearing Aβ aggregates, primary microglia cells were treated with lipopolysaccharides (LPS) in the presence of CC and showed that CC treatment significantly reduced the LPS-induced increasing protein level of NLRP3 (Fig. S3), which suggests CC not only promotes clearance of Aβ aggregates but is also directly involved in reducing neuroinflammation in AD. Here, NLRP3 is linked to Alzheimer disease.