However, T2D diagnosis (typically HbA1c ≥ 6.5) occurs late in the progression of metabolic dysfunction, where the initial phase is characterized by elevated levels of insulin to maintain normal glycemic levels, followed by mildly elevated blood glucose and HbA1c levels (HbA1c: 5.7–6.4) in prediabetes [1,2,3]. The gene discussed is INS; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.