An example for such a microenvironment are the lungs of persons with cystic fibrosis (CF), a hereditary disease caused by mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), a chloride channel on epithelial cells, with the loss or under-function leading to mucoid plaques in several organs [1,2,3]. Here, CFTR is linked to cystic fibrosis.