ID3 and infection: In vitro studies have shown that the infection of such cells with recombinant lentivirus causes the upregulation of POU2AF1 gene expression, which, in turn, induces the upregulation of the expression of genes involved in the immune defence response to infections, such as MX1, IFIT3, IFITM and HLA-DRA, ID2, ID3, IL6, BCL6, which are directly under the control of POU2AF1.