In the study of Nowak et al. [13], with non-proteinuric (normoalbuminuric and mi-cro-albuminuric) patients with T1DM and normal kidney function, baseline plasma KIM-1 was linked to early damage to proximal tubules and associated with onset and progression of early renal decline (Odds ratio for doubling of plasma KIM-1 for early renal decline was 1.28 (95% CI: 1.07–1.54) in normoalbuminuric patients to 1.35 (95% CI: 1.15–1.58) in microalbuminuric patients). Here, HAVCR1 is linked to type 1 diabetes mellitus.