TXNIP and carcinoma of the ampulla of vater: The current data also revealed that low cytoplasmic TxNIP expression was significantly associated with the presence of perineural invasion (p = 0.025) in the distal bile duct/ampullary carcinoma cohort; this finding was consistent with that of a previous study reporting a significant association between high TxNIP expression and the absence of perineural invasion (p = 0.030) in 140 patients with gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma [28].