TNF and Alzheimer disease: Reviews n°1 [31], n°2 [32], n°3 [33], n°5 [35], n°7 [37], n°8 [38], n°9 [39], and n°10 [40] found the presence of increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, PCR, and TNF-α in the brain tissue astrocytes and neurons of human and mouse AD patients in response to the presence of periodontal pathogens including P. Gingivalis and LPS from P. Gingivalis and gingipains, resulting in neurodegeneration.