According to the univariate Cox regression analysis (Table 2), the following clinical and echocardiographic variables were associated with all-cause death: age, sex, SSc subtype, mRSS, pulmonary fibrosis, NTproBNP, DLCO, LV GLS, LAVi, ƐR ≤ 30%, E/e’, and PASP. Here, NPPB is linked to pulmonary fibrosis.